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Planetary Nebula Library: Hydro Runs

Update 10/17:

The layout has been adjusted. Check the outline box at the right to find the models you are looking for.
Go ​here to find a list of changes that were made today.

Reason for Library

Here we explore a variety of possible parameters and environments that can shape planetary nebulae, presented in various forms. This library will record a number of combinations of different density backgrounds and types of flows and also any parameter changes within those different combinations. The environments and flow structures are listed below. (Go to the ​Clump + Jet page for models that include both a clump and jet.)

Environments:

• Constant Ambient: The surrounding density is initially constant.
• Stratified Ambient: The surrounding density falls off as 1/r².
• Toroidal Ambient: The surrounding density decays from the equator to the pole as defined in ​Frank & Mellema, 1994 Apj by the following variables:
  • \alpha_{t} describes the contrast in density of the torus from the pole to the equator.
  • \beta_{t} describes how elliptical or spherical the torus is. Small values coincide with a more elliptical torus while values closer to 1 indicate a more spherical torus.

Flow Structures:

• Clump: A spherical cloud of gas.
• Jet: A constant stream of gas.
• Diverging Wind: A constant stream of gas that sweeps an arc in the surrounding medium.

(See ​Ruka's PN Page for MHD models.)

Standard Parameters

Jet Radius	500 AU
Jet Density	40,000 cm-3
Jet Temperature	10 K
Ambient Density	400 cm-3
Ambient Temperature	1 K
Torus Alpha (\alpha_{t})	.7
Torus Beta (\beta_{t})	.8

Constant Ambient

All constant ambient density models have the following change to the standard parameters listed at the top of this page.

Changes to Standard Parameters
Ambient Density	1 cm-3

Jet

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Jet Velocity = 100 km/s	Jet Velocity = 200 km/s	Jet Velocity = 300 km/s	Velocity Comparison
​movie	​movie	​movie
​movie	​movie	​movie

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Changes to Standard Parameters
Jet Temperature	10,000 K

Jet Velocity = 100 km/s	Jet Velocity = 200 km/s	Jet Velocity = 300 km/s	Velocity Comparison
​movie
​movie

Stratified + Toroidal Ambient

Clump

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Clump Velocity = 100 km/s	Clump Velocity = 200 km/s	Clump Velocity = 300 km/s	Velocity Comparison
​movie	​movie	​movie
​movie	​movie	​movie

Changes to Standard Parameters
Clump Radius	1,500 AU

Clump Velocity = 100 km/s	Clump Velocity = 200 km/s	Clump Velocity = 300 km/s

Jet

Jet Velocity = 100 km/s	Jet Velocity = 200 km/s	Jet Velocity = 300 km/s	Velocity Comparison
​movie	​movie	​movie
​movie	​movie	​movie

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Changes to Standard Parameters
Jet Temperature	10,000 K

Jet Velocity = 100 km/s	Jet Velocity = 200 km/s	Jet Velocity = 300 km/s	Jet Velocity = 300 km/s High Resolution	Jet Velocity = 800 km/s
​movie	​movie	​movie	​movie ​Density movie with mesh	​movie *Note time difference!*
​movie	​movie	​movie	​movie	​movie
		​movie with mesh

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Changes to Standard Parameters
Jet Temperature	1,000,000 K

Jet Velocity = 300 km/s
​movie
​movie

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Changes to Standard Parameters
Jet Temperature	10,000 K
Ambient Density	1,000 cm-3

Jet Velocity = 300 km/s
​movie
​movie

Diverging Wind

Jet Velocity = 300km/s	Time Lapse
New Module ​movie
New Module ​movie