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Planetary Nebula Library: Hydro Runs

Update 10/17:

The layout has been adjusted. Check the outline box at the right to find the models you are looking for.
Go ​here to find a list of changes that were made today.

Reason for Library

Here we explore a variety of possible parameters and environments that can shape planetary nebulae, presented in various forms. This library will record a number of combinations of different density backgrounds and types of flows and also any parameter changes within those different combinations. The environments and flow structures are listed below. (Go to the ​Clump + Jet page for models that include both a clump and jet.)

Environments:

• Constant Ambient: The surrounding density is initially constant.
• Stratified Ambient: The surrounding density falls off as 1/r².
• Toroidal Ambient: The surrounding density decays from the equator to the pole as defined in ​Frank & Mellema, 1994 Apj by the following variables:
  • \alpha_{t} describes the contrast in density of the torus from the pole to the equator.
  • \beta_{t} describes how elliptical or spherical the torus is. Small values coincide with a more elliptical torus while values closer to 1 indicate a more spherical torus.

Flow Structures:

• Clump: A spherical cloud of gas.
• Jet: A constant stream of gas.
• Diverging Wind: A constant stream of gas that sweeps an arc in the surrounding medium.

(See ​Ruka's PN Page for MHD models.)

Standard Parameters

Jet & Diverging Wind Radius	500 AU
Jet & Diverging Wind Density	40,000 cm-3
Clump Radius	1,500 AU
Clump Density	4x106 cm-3
Temperature	10 K

Ambient Temperature	1 K
Torus Alpha (\alpha_{t})	.7
Torus Beta (\beta_{t})	.8

Constant Ambient

All constant ambient density models have the following additional parameters:

Additional Parameters
Clump Velocity	200 km/s

Clump

Ambient Density = 1 cm-3	Ambient Density = 10 cm-3	Ambient Density = 100 cm-3
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Stratified + Toroidal Ambient

All stratifed + toroidal ambient density models have the following additional parameters:

Additional Parameters
Ambient Density	400 cm-3

Clump

Clump Velocity = 100 km/s	Clump Velocity = 200 km/s	Clump Velocity = 300 km/s	Velocity Comparison
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Jet

Jet Velocity = 100 km/s	Jet Velocity = 200 km/s	Jet Velocity = 300 km/s
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Changes to Standard Parameters
Jet Temperature	10,000 K

Jet Velocity = 100 km/s	Jet Velocity = 200 km/s	Jet Velocity = 300 km/s
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Diverging Wind

Wind Velocity = 100 km/s	Wind Velocity = 200 km/s	Wind Velocity = 300 km/s