BackLinksMenu

Planetary Nebula Library: Hydro Runs

See the following pages for additional runs, tests, and changes:

• Go to the ​Clump + Jet page for models that include both a clump and jet.
• Go to the ​Tests page for current tests being done.
• Go ​here to find a list of changes that were made to the PN Library today.

Reason for Library

Here we explore a variety of possible parameters and environments that can shape planetary nebulae, presented in various forms. This library will record a number of combinations of different density backgrounds and types of flows and also any parameter changes within those different combinations. The environments and flow structures are listed below.

Environments:

• Constant Ambient: The surrounding density is initially constant.
• Stratified Ambient: The surrounding density falls off as 1/r².
• Toroidal Ambient: The surrounding density decays from the equator to the pole as defined in ​Frank & Mellema, 1994 Apj by the following variables:
  • \alpha_{t} describes the contrast in density of the torus from the pole to the equator.
  • \beta_{t} describes how elliptical or spherical the torus is. Small values coincide with a more elliptical torus while values closer to 1 indicate a more spherical torus.

Flow Structures:

• Clump: A spherical cloud of gas.
• Jet: A constant stream of gas.
• Diverging Wind: A constant stream of gas that sweeps an arc in the surrounding medium.

(See ​Ruka's PN Page for MHD models.)

Standard Parameters

Jet & Diverging Wind Radius	500 AU
Jet & Diverging Wind Density	40,000 cm-3
Jet & Diverging Wind Acceleration Time	165 years
Clump Radius	1,500 AU
Clump Density	4x106 cm-3
Temperature	10 K

Ambient Temperature	1 K
Torus Alpha (\alpha_{t})	.7
Torus Beta (\beta_{t})	.8

Constant Ambient

All constant ambient density models have the following additional parameters:

Additional Parameters
Clump Velocity	200 km/s

Clump

Ambient Density = 1 cm-3	Ambient Density = 10 cm-3	Ambient Density = 100 cm-3	Density Comparison
​movie	​movie	​movie
​movie	​movie	​movie

Stratified + Toroidal Ambient

All stratifed + toroidal ambient density models have the following additional parameters:

Additional Parameters
Ambient Density	400 cm-3

Clump

Clump Velocity = 100 km/s	Clump Velocity = 200 km/s	Clump Velocity = 300 km/s	Velocity Comparison
​movie	​movie	​movie
​movie	​movie	​movie

Jet

Jet Velocity = 100 km/s	Jet Velocity = 200 km/s	Jet Velocity = 300 km/s	Velocity Comparison
​movie	​movie	​movie
​movie	​movie	​movie

---

Changes to Standard Parameters
Jet Temperature	10,000 K

Jet Velocity = 100 km/s	Jet Velocity = 200 km/s	Jet Velocity = 300 km/s	Velocity Comparison
​movie	​movie	​movie
​movie	​movie	​movie

Diverging Wind

Wind Velocity = 100 km/s	Wind Velocity = 200 km/s	Wind Velocity = 300 km/s	Velocity Comparison
​movie	​movie	​movie
​movie	​movie	​movie

New Models

Short Jets, n=1	tt = 0 cu (0 yrs)	tt = .02 cu (165 yrs)
v = 300 km/s	​movie	​movie
v = 200 km/s
v = 100 km/s
Diverging Wind v=300 km/s	Default Parameters	Constant Ambient, n=100	Constant Ambient, n=10	Strat+Tor, n=4000	Strat+Tor, T=10,000K
Cooling Turned off, Spherical symmetry on	​movie	​movie	​movie	​movie	​movie
Clumps	[[]] []	[[]] []	[[]] []
Lee+Sahai	[[]]	[[]]	[[]]

Comparison Density - Cooling vs. no cooling

Mesh Overlay